What is Public Liability and Duty of Care?

In Australia, public liability law covers situations in which an injury occurs in a public place or on property owned by a business or a local council, due to a failure to meet a duty of care.

A person who is injured in a public space or on privately owned property could then be eligible to seek compensation by making a public liability claim.

  • Most property owners and operators in Queensland have public liability insurance that provides financial protection if they fail to prevent foreseeable harm and a person is injured.
  • If you bring a legal action for negligence against a property or venue owner or operator, you will be making a public liability claim against their insurance company.

Free Initial Legal Advice When Injured in a Public Place

You may be eligible to claim compensation when someone else’s negligence has caused you to suffer an injury and related financial loss. That’s when our compensation lawyers can explain your rights and entitlements under Australian public liability laws.

All our legal services are funded on a 100% no-win, no-fee basis. Pay for a win and zero if you lose, with no upfront legal fees or costs. It’s free to know where you stand. Call 1800 700 125

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Duty of Care Claim Lawyers

We all owe a Duty of Care to take reasonable steps to protect others from harm. If you have been injured because of a failure of Duty of Care (someone else was negligent, and the incident was reasonably foreseeable), you may have a public liability claim

In this case, our personal injury lawyers can assist. Contact the friendly and experienced legal team at Splatt Lawyers for immediate support now – Call 1800 700 125 or email us

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Requirements for a Successful Public Liability Claim

What are the obligations under the duty of care, and what is “reasonable care and skill”?

To establish negligence, the injured person must demonstrate three specific criteria. These are causality, breach, and duty of care. If a claimant proves all three elements, we move to the final stage, financial damages.

1. Duty of Care

According to the damaged party, a duty of care between the injured and negligent parties must first be established. In law, you have a duty of care to exercise reasonable care.

However, a duty is not always present. Even when it exists, the extent of the duty is dependent on the nature of the relationships between the parties.

After the injured party has proven that a duty of care was owed, they must show that the defendant breached that duty. The plaintiff must show that:

  • There was a significant risk of injury
  • There was a foreseeable risk
  • In the same situation, a reasonable person would have taken precautions to reduce the risk.

Causation is the third component of negligence that the plaintiff must establish. The plaintiff must demonstrate that their negligence caused the harm or damage.

A plaintiff will be entitled to compensation for their damage or the harm inflicted if they can adequately establish a duty of care, breach, and causation. Damages are the last component of a negligence claim and apply to economic and non-economic harm.

How to Know When a Duty of Care Breach Has Happened

A violation of a duty of care has occurred when:

  • The actions or inaction of another person have resulted in an injury or illness, or mental health condition and
  • The possibility of this incident happening was obvious and
  • A reasonable person would anticipate that your injury/illness would be the result of the action or inaction and
  • If the action/inaction that initiated your injury/illness was unreasonable.

6 Types of Breaches of Public Liability Law

Common causes of injury in public liability claims include wet floors, uneven surfaces, and poorly maintained public spaces such as footpaths and car parks. Here are the top six in further detail.

1. Slips, trips and falls

  • Shopping centres, supermarkets, and other public places are where slip-and-fall (and trip-and-fall) accidents frequently occur.
  • In Australia, businesses must take reasonable measures to ensure that visitors can safely access and utilise their facilities by preventing hazards such as uneven, slippery, or wet floors.

By law, a property owner must take reasonable care of and maintain the property to be free of danger. However, a landlord does not need to guarantee that a property is always totally safe.

  • It is your responsibility, or duty of care, as the dog or other animal’s owner, to ensure your pet doesn’t cause harm to anyone else.
  • In addition, you could face legal repercussions if your pet attacks or bites another animal or person.
  • Theme park, recreation, and entertainment venue owners/managers are responsible for taking reasonable precautions to minimise any foreseeable danger of injury to visitors and employees.
  • This responsibility entails conducting planned tests, maintaining equipment, and adhering to industry standards.

Transport providers have a responsibility to ensure the safety of their customers. So, no matter the mode of transportation you choose, plane, ship, bus, or train—all travel service providers are responsible for your safety.

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Other Common Duty of Care Breaches

Various interactions between persons and businesses, landlords, local councils and body corporates can create a duty of care. For example:

  • Your employer owes a responsibility to keep employees safe
  • All motorists have a responsibility to look after each other safely while driving
  • The owner of business premises must take reasonable steps to keep people safe
  • Doctors must provide a sufficient standard of medical treatment
  • Manufacturers have a responsibility not to injure the users of their products

Common public liability claims include slips, trips, and falls, dog bites, injuries in rental properties, and accidents at events or venues. Some other examples include:

Can I Make a Public Liability Claim?

If you believe you have been harmed due to another person or party’s full or partial negligence, you could make a personal injury claim. If this is your situation, it would be wise to seek legal advice to understand your options.

Splatt Lawyers’ public liability legal team know the legal duty of care obligations of property owners and operators. It’s free to know your legal right to pursue common law damages.

We provide a free, comprehensive case evaluation to explain your rights and entitlements. Call 1800 700 125

How Much Can I Claim for Someone Else's Negligence?

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Public Liability Claim Time Limits Explained

  • Most public liability lawsuits in Australia need to start within 3 years of the date of injury, although there are some exceptions, for example, for minors or people with a disability.
  • If a public liability claim is not filed within the specified time limits, the courts may reject the claim, making it crucial to seek legal advice promptly after an accident.
  • Although the general time limit to bring a public responsibility claim is three years, in exceptional circumstances, minors and disabled people can be given up to six years to file a claim.

Duty of Care FAQs

Public liability and duty of care FAQs icon

What is the meaning of duty of care?

Everyone (to varying degrees) has a duty of care to protect others in many situations, such as at work, while driving, in public spaces, at school and in playgrounds, while engaging in recreational activities, and more.

This requirement means taking reasonable steps to protect yourself and others from harm.

The legal definition of Duty of Care relates to the responsibility not to cause harm or injury to another person that a reasonable person could have foreseen.

Medical professionals owe you a duty to ensure you receive good health care; however, they do not have the same responsibility when it comes to other areas of your life, like caring for your finances.

When a person owes someone a duty of care and neglects it, causing harm or damage, the injured person can file a damages claim against them.

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